DOC.
11
ARGUMENTS
FOR MOLECULAR
AGITATION
285
Published
in
Annalen der
Physik
40
(1913):
551-560. Dated
Zurich,
December
1912,
received
5 January 1913, published
20
March
1913.
[1]For
a
brief
account
of Einstein's collaboration with Otto
Stern,
see
the editorial
note,
"Einstein
and
Stern
on
Zero-Point
Energy,"
pp.
271-272.
[2]For
Planck's "second
theory,"
see
Planck
1911a,
1911b,
1912,
and
1914a. For
a
historical
discussion of
this
theory,
see
Kuhn
1978, chap. 10,
and Needell
1980,
chap.
4.
[3]See
Nernst
1911,
p.
270,
and
Nernst and Lindemann
1911,
p.
825.
For Einstein's earlier
criticism of Nernst's
approach,
see
Einstein 1914a
(Vol.
3,
Doc.
26), pp.
350-351.
[4]For
Einstein's earlier work
on
the
specific
heat of
solid bodies,
see
Einstein 1907a
(Vol.
2,
Doc.
38).
[5]Einstein
had earlier raised
this
question
in his
lecture
to
the
first
Solvay Congress
(see
Einstein 1914a
[Vol.
3,
Doc.
26],
p.
339).
[6]This
formula
was
earlier derived
in
Einstein 1914a
(Vol. 3,
Doc.
26), §4.
[7]See
Landolt and Börnstein
1912,
table
58,
for values of molecular diameters from
gas
theory.
[8]Eucken 1912.
[9]"-1"
in
the first
equality
should
be
"+1."
[10]See
Eucken
1912,
p.
149.
[11]For
alternative
interpretations
of Eucken's
results,
see
Ehrenfest
1913
and Holm 1913.
For
a
historical review of Holm's
work, see
Needell
1980, pp.
260-262;
for
a
contemporary
review,
see
Eucken
1914,
in
particular
p.
374.
[12]A
factor
2kp/h
is
missing
in
front of the second
integral. "-1"
in
the
last term
on
the
right-hand
side should
be
"-1/4."
[13]See Sackur
1912,
p.
414.
[14]Equation
(6)
is
used
in
the calculation of
the entropy, not equation
(5).
[15]Einstein
and
Hopf
1910b
(Vol.
3,
Doc.
8).
[16]Einstein
and
Stern did
not immediately accept
the
result that
a zero-point energy
of
hv
was
needed
to
derive Planck's
law. See the
editorial
note,
"Einstein and Stern
on
Zero-Point
Energy,"
p.
272.
[17]Planck
1913.
[18]A
factor
v
is
missing
on
the left-hand
side
of this
equation.
[19]See Curie
1895,
pp.
396-397.
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