554 DOC. 22 SOLVAY
DISCUSSION
REMARKS
No. 93
(PSSC,
p.
128;
Laue
et
al.
1921,
p.
108)
(Antwort
auf Nernst's Frage).-
Allerdings
muss
ich mich
auf
den
Standpunkt stellen,
dass
auch
den
Uber-
legungen,
die
zu
der Wasserstoff-Formel
führten,
damit
die Basis
entzogen
ist.
III. Bragg
In his
lecture
(Bragg 1921),
William
H.
Bragg
discussed
a
method for
determining
the
frequencies
of
X-rays
with the
help
of
X-ray
diffraction
in
crystals.
In
a
long
discussion remark Ernest Rutherford described
his
experiments investigating
the
nature
of
y-rays
observed
in
radioactive
decay
with the
help
of similar diffraction
techniques.
He
speculated
that
the
y-rays
were
actually generated
by
the
ß-particles
that
are
emitted
during
radioactive
decay.
Einstein's
comment
is
a
reply to
Ruther-
ford's contribution.
No.
150
(PSSC,
p.
160; Bragg et
al.
1921,
p.
138)
Man könnte für
den Fall radioaktiver Reaktionen
die
Quantenhypothese
ver-
wenden,
um
die
Aufstellung
einer
Energiebilanz
zu
versuchen.
In
dem
Falle,
dass bei dem
radioaktiven Zerfall nichts
als
je
1
ß-Teilchen
und (monochro-
matische) y-Strahlen
auftreten, wäre
z.
B.
folgendes
zu
erwarten.
Seien
E1
E2
...
En
...
die
kinetischen
Energien
der
ß-Strahlen
der
verschiedenen
Ge-
schwindigkeiten,
v1
...
vn
...
die
Frequenzen
der
y-Strahlen,
so
sollen
die
ver-
schiedenen
ß-
und
y-Strahlen
einander
so
zugeordnet
werden
können,
dass
(En
+
hvn
=
radioaktive
Umwandlungsenergie,)
also
für alle Werte
von n
gleich
ist.
IV. Grüneisen
Eduard Grüneisen's lecture
(Grüneisen
1921)
dealt
with
the molecular
theory
of
solids.
In
a
discussion remark headed
"Thermodynamic
Discussion"
("Discussion
Ther-
modynamique"),
Walther Nernst
returned
to
the
discussion
following
his
lecture
at
the first
Solvay
Congress.
In
that discussion Einstein
had
expressed
his
doubts about
Nernst's claim
that
his
heat theorem could
be
derived
from the
vanishing
of the
specific
heats
as
the
temperature
goes
to
zero (see
Vol.
3,
Doc.
25,
pp.
513-514;
see
also
Vol.
5,
Doc.
364,
note
6,
for
a
review of
the
controversy
between Einstein
and
Nernst
on
the
heat
theorem).
Nernst
now
claimed that
a new
derivation
(see
Nernst
1912)
as
well
as new
experimental
data
had
refuted Einstein's
objections.
Einstein's
first
remark
is
a
response
to the
following argument
by
Nernst:
the
heat theorem
predicts
that
dp/dT
vanishes
at
low
temperatures. Suppose
that
dp/dT
remains
finite.
Then
it
would