DOC.
2
23
If
each
of the
two
solvents
is
a
mixture of several
nonconducting
liquids,
one
obtains
somewhat more
generally
where
now vl
denotes
the
number
of
gram-molecules
of
a component
of the
solvent in
a
volume element
of
the
mixed
solvent.
Hence
the potential difference
AII
depends
on
the
nature
of the sol-
vent.
This
dependence
can
be used
as a
basis for
a
method
of
exploring
the
molecular forces.
§6.
A
method
for
the
determination
of the constant
c
for
metal ions
and
solvents
Let two
completely
dissociated salt solutions
undergo
diffusion in
a
cylindrical
vessel; these salts shall
be
indicated
by
subscripts.
The
solvent
shall
be
the
same
throughout
the vessel
and
shall
be
indicated
by
the
super-
script.
The
vessel shall
again
be
divided into
spaces
I and
II
and
the
connecting
space
V.
Space
I shall contain
only
the first
salt, and II
only
the
second
salt;
diffusion of the
two
salts shall take
place
in
space
V.
Into
spaces
I and II
there shall
be
introduced electrodes
consisting of the
respective metal solute
and
having
electric
potentials
II1
and
II2',
respectively; onto
the
second
electrode shall
be
soldered
a
piece
of the first
electrode
metal,
whose
potential
is
II2.
Furthermore,
we
denote the electric
potentials in the interior
of
the
unmixed solutions
in I
and
II
by
i1
and
^2.
We
then
have
(n2-n1)^)
=
(W)
+
(n2'
-
j2)(1)
+
(*2-*1)(1)
-
(n1-x1)(1)
.
If
one
produces
exactly
the
same arrangement
except
for
using
a
different solvent,
which
shall
be
denoted
by
the superscript (2),
one
obtains:
2c
(An)
(2)
_
(An)
(D
m
ffl I
W
-1
n
E
(n2-%)*
=
(n2-n21)
+